Overview
Stomach ulcers are open sores that develop on the lining of the stomach or the upper part of the small intestine. They occur when the protective mucus layer is reduced, allowing digestive acids to eat away at the tissue. The two most common causes are H. pylori infection and long-term use of NSAIDs (like ibuprofen).
Symptoms
Burning stomach pain (especially on an empty stomach)
Nausea or vomiting
Bloating or feeling full quickly
Heartburn
Dark or bloody stools (sign of bleeding ulcer)
Pain that improves after eating or taking antacids
Common Causes
H. pylori bacterial infection (most common)
Long-term NSAID use (ibuprofen, aspirin)
Excess stomach acid production
Smoking
Stress (worsens but doesn't cause ulcers)
Alcohol
Self-Care Tips
Get tested for H. pylori if you have persistent stomach pain
Avoid NSAIDs or take them with food and stomach-protecting medication
Quit smoking — it slows ulcer healing
Eat regular small meals
Limit spicy foods, caffeine, and alcohol
Take prescribed acid-reducing medication as directed
When to See a Doctor
See a doctor immediately if you vomit blood, notice black/tarry stools, have severe sudden abdominal pain, or feel dizzy/faint — these may indicate a bleeding or perforated ulcer.
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